It's worth considering the fact that this being a "premium domain" is the only reason it was even available register in the first place. If it had been a $12/year domain, some annoying domainer would have snatched it up on the first day it was available.
Premium domains really do seem to be a win-win for registries and regular buyers.
The domain in question redirects to an entirely different domain. It doesn't actually seem to be used in any way other than for a quirky name.
Given that the domain has been registered for long enough to need renewal, I think this is just another domainer complaining that their scalper business model isn't working out. He got lucky Google messed up the conversion rate because of runaway inflation of the lira and he got a discount, had he paid in dollars this stunt would've cost him even more.
My five letter first name for some reason was not a premium domain (probably because it's not an English name and someone didn't do their homework) and I pay $12 / year. Of course the name would be snatched up quickly so I did buy it during the early access period when I had to pay $250 or so as an early registration fee.
All common first names for .dev were listed as premium at the time!
I once spoke to someone in charge of the .ink gTLD and they made all animals (among other things) premium domains, but forgot some. For a while I had "sloth.ink" or as I called it Slo(w) Think.
Premium domains really do seem to be a win-win for registries and regular buyers.