I have considered this a lot and the problem appears to be mostly a policy problem boiling down to the two following issues:
* Right of way laws in localities make it difficult to deploy cabling of any sort. Starting a network operator is incredibly difficult legally even if you have the capital. Also, counties often grant monopolies to particular cable companies and do not allow other operators to enter the market.
* It's a popular economic thought (and apparently one the FCC subscribes to) that CLEC/wholesale style systems do not incentivize network infrastructure maintainers to keep pace with technological advancements. As a result the FCC has granted control to vertically integrated operators like ATT/Verizon/Comcast.
* Right of way laws in localities make it difficult to deploy cabling of any sort. Starting a network operator is incredibly difficult legally even if you have the capital. Also, counties often grant monopolies to particular cable companies and do not allow other operators to enter the market.
* It's a popular economic thought (and apparently one the FCC subscribes to) that CLEC/wholesale style systems do not incentivize network infrastructure maintainers to keep pace with technological advancements. As a result the FCC has granted control to vertically integrated operators like ATT/Verizon/Comcast.